Special edition 2009 on Fruit Flies in Africa

Many tropical or subtropical areas of the world, as well as some temperate areas, are confronted in a similar way with the problems arising from fruit flies (Diptera, Tephritidae), although each area presents, in this respect, a group of species which is peculiar for it. The species most harmful to agriculture are responsible for direct damage, but also for losses to export markets related to the quarantine restrictions, which can be considerable. This document presents the advantage of showing the diversity of the recent studies devoted to this group of pests and the principal orientations of these works. Thirteen papers dedicated to these pests are collected in this special issue Fruits flies in Africa. Five of them focus on the fruit flies biology; two articles concern the polymorphism of the allozymes within the populations of the Ceratis sp. in the Mediterranean basin; control methods are presented in four documents while populations’ displacements and interspecies competition receive special care in the two last articles. To order Contents Biodiversity of fruit flies (Diptera, Tephritidae) in orchards in different agro-ecological zones of the Morogoro region, Tanzania. Maulid W. Mwatawala, Marc De Meyer, Rhodes H. Makundi, Amon P. Maerere Ecological relationships between Ceratitis spp. (Diptera: Tephritidae) and other native fruit tree pests in southern Mozambique. Sílvia David Maússe, Romana Rombe Bandeira Inventory of the fruit fly species (Diptera: Tephritidae) linked to the mango tree in Mali and tests of integrated control. Jean-François Vayssières, Fatogoma Sanogo, Moussa Noussourou Inventory of fruit fly species on guava in the area of Yaounde, Cameroon. François-Xavier Ndzana Abanda, Serge Quilici, Jean-François Vayssières, Lazarre Kouodiekong, Noé Woin Fruits The mango tree in central and northern Benin: cultivar inventory, yield assessment, infested stages and loss due to fruit fly species (Diptera: Tephritidae). Jean-François Vayssières, Sam Korie, Ousmane Coulibaly, Ludovic Temple, Serge Patrick Boueyi Allozyme polymorphism in populations of Ceratitis capitata from Algeria, the northwestern Mediterranean coast and Reunion Island. Salah Oukil, Robert Bues, Jean-François Toubon, Serge Quilici Allozymic variability in Spanish populations of Ceratitis capitata. Carmen Callejas, M. Dolores Ochando Development of citrus fruit fly control strategies for small-holders in Nigeria. Vincent C. Umeh, Abayomi A. Olaniyan, James Ker and Joseph Andir Fruit flies: disinfestation, techniques used, possible application to mango. Marie-Noëlle Ducamp Collin, Cécile Arnaud, Valérie Kagy, Christian Didier Fruit flies of sweet oranges in Nigeria: species diversity, relative abundance and spread in major producing areas. Vincent C. Umeh, Loyd E. Garcia, Mark De Meyer Monitoring and managing Ceratitis spp. complex of sweet orange varieties using locally made protein bait of brewery waste. Vincent C. Umeh, Lloyd E. Garcia A new Bactrocera species in Benin among mango fruit fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) species. Jean-François Vayssières, Georg Goergen, Orphée Lokossou, Paulin Dossa, Cyrille Akponon